Malva sylvestris (flower)

Botanical Voucher Specimen

Source: MOBOT, Tropicos.org	Source: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.	Malva sylvestris L. var. violascens Source: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Organoleptic Characteristics

Slight odor; sweetish, mucilaginous taste. Source: Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.

Macroscopic Characteristics

The flowers are rose-red, purple, or whitish, but when dried bluish, green with ammonia, red with acids. Source: Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.

Microscopic Characteristics

Cellular structures identified in this botanical specimen are spherical pollen grains, about 150 μm in diameter, with a roughly spiny exine and the thick walled stellate trichomes when observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories Spherical pollen grains, about 150 μm in diameter, with a roughly spiny exine observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories Thick walled stellate trichomes observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories

High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification

Malva sylvestris HPTLC ID - Natural Product Reagent + PEG UV 365 nm High Mallow (flower) (Malva sylvestris) Lane Assignments Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample): μL Rutin, Caffeic acid, Hyperoside, Chlorogenic Acid ~0.1% in CH3OH μL Malva sylvestris-1 (flower) μL Malva sylvestris-1 (flower) μL Malva sylvestris-2 (flower) μL Malva sylvestris-2 (flower) μL Malva sylvestris-3 (flower) μL Malva sylvestris-4 Vouchered Specimen (flower) μL Rutin, Caffeic acid, Hyperoside, Chlorogenic Acid ~0.1% in CH3OH Reference materials used here have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference source cited below held at Alkemists Pharmaceuticals, Costa Mesa, CA.  Stationary Phase Silica gel 60, F254, 10 x 10 cm HPTLC plates  Mobile Phase ethyl acetate: HCOOH: AcCOOH: H2O [10/1.1/1.1/2.4]  Sample Preparation Method 0.3 g + 3 ml 70% grain EtOH sonicate/heat @ 50° C ~ 1/2 hr  Detection Method Natural Product Reagent + PEG -> UV 365 nm  Reference see Adapted from British Pharmacopoeia, 2003 Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories

Mallow (flower) HPTLC ID - White RT Mallow (flower) (Malva sylvestris) Lane Assignments Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample): 2 µL Bilberry fruit (Ph.Eur. extraction) 3 µL Bilberry fruit (Ph.Eur. extraction) 4 µL Bilberry fruit (Ph.Eur. extraction) 2 µL Bilberry fruit 3 µL Bilberry fruit 4 µL Bilberry fruit 2 µL Pelargonin 2 µL Malvidin 2 µL Delphinidin 2 µL Mallow flower 4 µL Mallow flower 6 µL Mallow flower 2 µL Roselle flower 4 µL Roselle flower 6 µL Roselle flower  Reference Sample(s) Reference: Dissolve 2 mg of pelargonin in 5 mL of methanol. Dissolve 2 mg of delphinidin in 5 mL of methanol; Optional: dissolve 2 mg of malvidin in 5 mL of methanol.  Stationary Phase Stationary phase, i.e. Silica gel 60, F254  Mobile Phase 1-Butanol, formic acid, water 65:16:19 (v/v/v)  Sample Preparation Method Sample: Mix 1 g of powdered sample with 10 mL of methanol and sonicate for 10 minutes, then centrifuge or filter the solutions and use the supernatants / filtrates as test solutions.  Detection Method Saturated chamber; developing distance 70 mm from lower edge; relative humidity 33%  Other Notes Images presented in this entry are examples and are not intended to be used as basis for setting specifications for quality control purposes. System suitability test: Pelargonin: red to orange zone at Rf ~ 0.89; Delphinidin: violet zone at Rf ~ 0.80 Identification: Compare result with reference images. The fingerprint of the test solution is similar to that of the corresponding botanical reference sample. Additional weak zones may be present. The chromatogram of the test solution shows one intensive violet zone at Rf ~ 0.35. Test for other species: No intense violet-blue zones are seen between Rf ~ 0.46 and 0.55 (Bilberry fruit) and no violet zone is present at Rf ~ 0.44 (Roselle flower). Source: HPTLC Association