Hordeum vulgare (leaf)

Nomenclature

Hordeum vulgare L.   Poaceae  
Standardized common name (English): barley  
Ayurvedic name(s): yava  
Pinyin name(s): mai ya (dried germinated ripe fruit)

Botanical Voucher Specimen

Source: MOBOT, Tropicos.org	Source: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.	Source: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Macroscopic Characteristics

Plants: Annual grain, culm, 0.6-1 M. (2-3°) high, leaves 15-37.5 Cm. (6-15') long, linear, scabrous, spike 7.5-10 Cm. (3-4') long, fruit in 2 rows, seed elliptical, 8 Mm. (1/3') long, flat back, angled sides, grooved front, smooth, grayish-yellow from adherent paleae, when removed brownish. Source: Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.

Microscopic Characteristics

Small barb like trichome observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories	Epidermis showing long thin stomata observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories

High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification

Hordeum vulgare HPTLC ID - Natural Products + PEG UV 365 nm Barley (leaf) (Hordeum vulgare) Lane Assignments Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample): 1 μL Rutin, Caffeic acid, Hyperoside, Chlorogenic Acid ~0.1% in CH3OH 3 μL Hordeum vulgare-1 3 μL Hordeum vulgare-2 3 μL Hordeum vulgare-3 3 μL Hordeum vulgare-3 3 μL Hordeum vulgare-4 3 μL Hordeum vulgare-5 1 μL Rutin, Caffeic acid, Hyperoside, Chlorogenic Acid ~0.1% in CH3OH Reference materials used here have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference source cited below held at Alkemists Pharmaceuticals, Costa Mesa, CA.  Stationary Phase Silica gel 60, F254, 10 x 10 cm HPTLC plates  Mobile Phase ethyl acetate: glacial acetic acid: formic acid: water [10/1.1/1.1/2.4]  Sample Preparation Method 0.3 g + 3 ml CH3OH sonicated + heated @ 50° C ~ 1 hr  Detection Method Natural Product Reagent + PEG -> UV 365 nm  Reference see Adapted from Plant Drug Analysis, Wagner, H., 1996 Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories

Hordeum vulgare (leaf) HPTLC ID - NP/PEG reagent, UV 366 nm Barley grass (leaf) (Hordeum vulgare) Lane Assignments Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample): 4 µL Rutin 4 µL Hyperoside 7 µL Oat herb 1 10 µL Oat herb 1 15 µL Oat herb 1 10 µL Oat herb 2 7 µL Barley grass 1 10 µL Barley grass 1 15 µL Barley grass 1 10 µL Barley grass 2 7 µL Wheat grass 1 10 µL Wheat grass 1 15 µL Wheat grass 1 10 µL Wheat grass 2  Reference Sample(s) Reference: Dissolve 1 mg of rutin in 1 mL of methanol. Dissolve 1 mg of hyperoside in 1 mL of methanol.  Stationary Phase Stationary phase, i.e. Silica gel 60, F254  Mobile Phase Formic acid, water, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate 10:10:30:50 (v/v/v/v)  Sample Preparation Method Sample: Mix 500 mg of powdered sample with 5 mL of methanol and sonicate for 10 minutes, then centrifuge or filter the solutions and use the supernatants / filtrates as test solutions. Derivatization reagent: 1.) NP reagent Preparation: 1 g of natural products reagent in 200 mL ethyl acetate 2.) PEG reagent Preparation: 10 g of polyethylene glycol 400 in 200 mL dichloromethane Use: Heat plate 3 min at 100°C, then dip (time 0, speed 5) in NP reagent, dry and dip (time 0, speed 5) in PEG reagent  Detection Method Saturated chamber; developing distance 70 mm from lower edge; relative humidity 33%  Other Notes Images presented in this entry are examples and are not intended to be used as basis for setting specifications for quality control purposes. System suitability test: Rutin: orange fluorescent zone at Rf ~ 0.32; Hyperoside: orange fluorescent zone at Rf ~ 0.50 Identification: Compare result with reference images. The fingerprint of the test solution is similar to that of the corresponding botanical reference sample. Additional weak zones may be present. The chromatogram of the test solution shows a yellow zone at Rf ~ 0.18 (red arrow). Above it there are several faint orange zones. There may be an orange zone at the position of reference rutin. A prominent red zone is located close to the solvent front. Test for adulteration: No blue or green zone is seen between the position of references rutin and hyperoside (Oat herb, yellow arrow). No green zone is seen at Rf ~ 0.44 (Wheat grass, blue arrow). Source: HPTLC Association