Mentha ×piperita (leaf)

From AHPA Botanical Identity References Compendium
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{{Macroscopy | source=American Medicinal Plants of Commercial Importance (1930)
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| description=Peppermint propogates by means of its long, running roots from which are produced smooth, square stems from 1 to 3 feet in height, erect and branching.  The leaves are from 1 to 2 inches long, about half as wide, pointed, and with sharply toothed margins.  The plant is in flower from July to September.  The small purplish blossoms are placed in circles around the stem, forming thick, blunt spikes.
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{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
 
{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
 
| description=Peppermint is a perennial herbaceous plant, producing creeping stolons. The steins are quadrangular, channelled, purplish, somewhat hairy and branching towards the top. The leaves are opposite, petiolate, ovate, sharply seriate, pointed, smoother on the upper than on the under surface, and of a dark green color, which is paler beneath. The flowers are small, purple, and in terminal obtuse spikes, interrupted below, and cymosely arranged. Late in the season, the growth of the lateral lower branches often gives to the inflorescence the appearance of a corymb. The calyx is tubular, often purplish, furrowed, glabrous below, and fivetoothed, the teeth being hirsute. The corolla is purplish, tubular, with its border divided into four segments, of which the uppermost is broadest, and notched at its summit. The four short stamens are concealed within the tube of the corolla; the style projects beyond it, and terminates in a bifid stigma.  
 
| description=Peppermint is a perennial herbaceous plant, producing creeping stolons. The steins are quadrangular, channelled, purplish, somewhat hairy and branching towards the top. The leaves are opposite, petiolate, ovate, sharply seriate, pointed, smoother on the upper than on the under surface, and of a dark green color, which is paler beneath. The flowers are small, purple, and in terminal obtuse spikes, interrupted below, and cymosely arranged. Late in the season, the growth of the lateral lower branches often gives to the inflorescence the appearance of a corymb. The calyx is tubular, often purplish, furrowed, glabrous below, and fivetoothed, the teeth being hirsute. The corolla is purplish, tubular, with its border divided into four segments, of which the uppermost is broadest, and notched at its summit. The four short stamens are concealed within the tube of the corolla; the style projects beyond it, and terminates in a bifid stigma.  

Latest revision as of 20:48, 16 June 2015

AHPA recognizes other valuable resources exist regarding the identity of Mentha ×piperita.

To submit a suggestion or contribution, please contact Merle Zimmermann.

Contents

Nomenclature

Mentha x piperita L.   Lamiaceae  
Standardized common name (English): peppermint

Botanical Voucher Specimen

bottomright bottomright

Mentha x piperita Tropicos 100007394 (S).jpg
Source: MOBOT, Tropicos.org[1]

Mentha piperita - Botanical Liasons.jpg
Source: Trish Flaster, MSc, Botanical Liaisons, LLC[2]
bottomright bottomright bottomright

Mentha x piperita OD00509MMB1 A0199.jpg
Source: Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories[3]

Mentha x piperita OD22708BSI1 A0200.jpg
Source: Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories[4]

Mentha x piperita OD32605BMX1 A0201.jpg
Source: Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories[5]

Organoleptic Characteristics

[Mentha ×piperita (leaf)] odor aromatic, characteristic; taste aromatic, pungent, followed by a cooling sensation in the mouth.

Source: United States Dispensatory (1918) [6]

Macroscopic Characteristics

Peppermint propogates by means of its long, running roots from which are produced smooth, square stems from 1 to 3 feet in height, erect and branching. The leaves are from 1 to 2 inches long, about half as wide, pointed, and with sharply toothed margins. The plant is in flower from July to September. The small purplish blossoms are placed in circles around the stem, forming thick, blunt spikes.

Source: American Medicinal Plants of Commercial Importance (1930) [7]
Peppermint is a perennial herbaceous plant, producing creeping stolons. The steins are quadrangular, channelled, purplish, somewhat hairy and branching towards the top. The leaves are opposite, petiolate, ovate, sharply seriate, pointed, smoother on the upper than on the under surface, and of a dark green color, which is paler beneath. The flowers are small, purple, and in terminal obtuse spikes, interrupted below, and cymosely arranged. Late in the season, the growth of the lateral lower branches often gives to the inflorescence the appearance of a corymb. The calyx is tubular, often purplish, furrowed, glabrous below, and fivetoothed, the teeth being hirsute. The corolla is purplish, tubular, with its border divided into four segments, of which the uppermost is broadest, and notched at its summit. The four short stamens are concealed within the tube of the corolla; the style projects beyond it, and terminates in a bifid stigma.

Leaves more or less crumpled and frequently detached from the stems; stems quadrangular, from 1 to 2 mm. in diameter, glabrous except for a few scattered deflexed hairs; leaves when entire ovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, petioles from 4 to 15 mm. in length, slightly pubescent, laminae from 1 to 9 cm. in length, acute and sharply serrate, light green to purplish-brown, upper surfaces nearly glabrous, lower surfaces glandular hairy, especially on the veins; flower-whorls in oblong or oval spikes which are usually compact, or somewhat interrupted at the base, from 1 to 1.5 cm. in breadth, rounded at the summit, and in fruit attaining a length of from 3 to 7 cm.; bracts oblong-lanceolate, very acuminate, 7 mm. in length; calyx tubular, equally 5-toothed, pubescent and glandular punctate, often dark purple in color; corolla tubular-campanulate, 4- cleft, about 3 mm. in length and often light purple; stamens 4, short and equal; nutlets ellipsoidal, about 0.5 mm. in diameter, blackish-brown[.]

Source: United States Dispensatory (1918) [8]
bottomright bottomright

PlantaPhile - 177.jpg
Source: PlantaPhile[9]

PlantaPhile - 1813.jpg
Source: PlantaPhile[10]

Microscopic Characteristics

Peppermint (leaf) (Mentha piperita) L., Labiatae.Leaves with stomata above and below, few above; vertical walls thin, wavy. Large, long, rather thick-walled, three to seven celled simple trichromes with short linear to warty cuticular thickenings. Large bladdery glandular trichromes with six to eight secreting cells. Small secreting trichromes with a single terminal secreting cell. Besides this there is present stem tissue, as epidermis, collenchyma, parenchyma, tracheids and ducts.

Source: Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed. [11]
Microanalysis powdered vegetable google ver mentha piperita.png


High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification

Supplementary Information

Sources

  1. ↑ MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100007394
  2. ↑ Trish Flaster, MSc, Botanical Liaisons, LLC http://www.BotanicalLiaisons.com
  3. ↑ Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  4. ↑ Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  5. ↑ Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  6. ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
  7. ↑ American Medicinal Plants of Commercial Importance (1930)
  8. ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
  9. ↑ PlantaPhile http://plantaphile.com/
  10. ↑ PlantaPhile http://plantaphile.com/
  11. ↑ Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
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