View source for Panax ginseng (root)

{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Panax ginseng'' (root)}} {{askbox|herb=''Panax ginseng''}}
=Nomenclature=
{{nomenclature | binomial=Panax ginseng
|authority=C.A. Mey.
|family=Araliaceae
|scn=Asian ginseng
|syn=''Panax schinseng'' T. Nees
|ayurvedic=
|pinyin=ren shen (root)
|aka=Chinese ginseng; Korean ginseng
|notes=}}

=Botanical Voucher Specimen=

=Organoleptic Characteristics=
{| border=1
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{{Organolepsy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
| description=[''Panax ginseng'' (root)] has a feeble odor, and a sweet, slightly aromatic taste, somewhat analogous to that of licorice root.}}
|}

=Macroscopic Characteristics=
{| border=1
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{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
| description=The root is fleshy, somewhat spindle-shaped, from 5 to 12 cm. long, and 1 to 2.5 cm. thick, and terminated by one or more stem scars. Frequently there are two portions, sometimes three or more, connected at their upper extremity, and bearing a supposed, though very remote, resemblance to the human figure, from which circumstance it is said that the Chinese name ginseng originated. When dried, the root is yellowish-white and wrinkled externally, and within consists usually of a hard central portion, surrounded by a soft whitish bark. }}

{{Media |cat=Macroscopy 
| source=PlantaPhile 
             | mainimage=PlantaPhile - 3035.jpg
             | companyimage=PlantaPhile logo.jpg
             | companyURL=http://plantaphile.com/
             | }}
|}
=Microscopic Characteristics=
{| border=1
| 
{{Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories 
             | companyimage=AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg              
             | companyURL= http://www.alkemist.com
             | description= Cellular structures identified in ''Panax ginseng'' root are the rosettes of calcium oxalate and yellow secretion from a resin canal when observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution.
             | reference=W.H.O. Monographs Vol. #1 1999
             | }}

{{Media2 |cat=Microscopy |companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
             | companyURL= http://www.alkemist.com
|companyimage2= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
             | companyURL2= http://www.alkemist.com
 |mainimage= Panax Ginseng C.A. Mey -Araliaceae--1.jpg
           |caption1= Rosettes of calcium oxalate observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution.
           |source= Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
 |image2= Panax Ginseng C.A. Mey -Araliaceae--2.jpg
           |caption2= Yellow secretion from a resin canal from ''Panax ginseng'' root observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution.
           |source2= Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories }}

|}

=High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification=

{{HPTLC | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
             | description=Asian Ginseng (root) (''Panax ginseng'')
             | companyimage=AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
             | companyURL=http://www.alkemist.com
             | mainimage=Panax_ginseng_-_Alkemists_Laboratories.jpg
             | caption1=''Panax ginseng'' HPTLC ID - 10% Methanolic Sulfuric Acid UV 365 nm
             | stationaryphase=Silica gel 60, F254, 10 x 10 cm HPTLC plates
             | mobilephase=chloroform: ethyl acetate: CH3OH: water [3/8/4.4/1.8]
             | prep=0.3 g + 3 ml 70% grain EtOH sonicate 10 minutes no heat
             | detection=10% Methanolic H2SO4 -> 115° C 15 min -> UV 365 nm
             | lanes= Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample):
# 2 μL ''Panax ginseng''-1 (root)
# 2 μL ''Panax ginseng''-2 (root)
# 2 μL ''Panax ginseng''-3 (root)
# 2 μL ''Panax ginseng''-4 (root)
# 2 μL ''Panax ginseng''-4 (root)
# 2 μL ''Panax quinquefolius''-5 (root)
# 2 μL ''Panax ginseng''-6 (root)
# 2 μL Ginsenoside-Rb1, Ginsenoside-Rc, Ginsenoside-Rd, Ginsenoside-Re, Ginsenoside Rf, Ginsenoside-Rg1 ~0.1% in MeOH

Reference materials used here have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference source cited below held at Alkemists Laboratories, Costa Mesa, CA.

             | reference=American Herbal Pharmacopoeia & Therapeutic Compendium
             | }}

=Supplementary Information=

=Sources=

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